污泥样品中的多环芳烃

多环芳烃(PAHs)是由大量的芳香族环组成的碳氢有机化合物。含有两个或多个苯环的这类化合物有150多种，如萘(NAP)和蒽(ANT)。多环芳烃是非极性和亲脂性的，主要存在于天然资源中，如杂酚油。它们也是通过有机物的不完全燃烧产生的。如今，多环芳烃污染的主要来源是由人类活动造成的，在全球范围内各不相同。大多数多环芳烃通过燃烧和热解过程通过大气进入环境。由于空气中多环芳烃的沉积，在各种食物中都检测到多环芳烃，以及来自受污染水域的鱼类。多环芳烃也在某些食品制备方法中形成，如炭烤、烧烤、烘烤和油炸。呼吸道和皮肤是人体中受多环芳烃影响最大的两个器官。常见症状包括日光性皮炎、痤疮性皮炎和外毛囊炎。 Many countries and regions have regulations to prohibit and detect the compounds of PAHs.In 1982, the American Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced 16 representative PAHs as priority compounds for the monitoring of pollutants5. In 2016, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China published a new series of decrees and regulations regarding PAHs in environmental areas such as soil, sediment, sludge and air. The regulations clearly list the detection methods and value limits for PAH compounds in different applications. In the regulations HJ 783-2016 and HJ 805-2016, they recommend the extraction of a solid sample using the Pressurized Fluid Extraction method (PFE, also known as Pressurized Solvent Extraction PSE) of lyophilized samples prior to analysis by GC-MS.

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